Understanding Cleft Lip and Palate: Causes, Challenges, and Prevention What is a Cleft Lip and Palat A cleft lip and palate are birth defects that occur when a baby's lip or mouth do not form properly during pregnancy. A cleft lip is an opening in the upper lip, which can range from a small notch to a large gap that extends to the nose. A cleft palate occurs when the roof of the mouth (palate) has an opening that can affect both the hard and soft palate. How Do Babies Develop a Cleft? Babies develop clefts early in pregnancy. The exact cause is not entirely understood, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. If a parent has a cleft, there's an increased chance that their child will also have one. Environmental factors such as certain medications, smoking, alcohol use, and lack of proper nutrition during pregnancy can also increase the risk. Challenges Faced by Babies with Clefts Babies born with cleft lip and/or palate can face several chall